ACR and congestive heart failure: The association between the dietary OBS and DKD was statistically significant (all p < 0.05), with ORs (95% CIs) of 0.90 (0.83–0.98) when dietary OBS was analyzed as a continuous variable and with ORs (95% CIs) for the upper quartile of the dietary OBSs of 0.10 (0.03–0.29), 0.16 (0.04–0.61), and 0.18 (0.04–0.73) compared to the lowest quartile, respectively, when the dietary OBS is a categorical variable after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, HGB, ACR, SBP, DBP, HbA1c, ALT, AST, eGFR, TC, smoking status, drinking status, CHF, CVD, and hypoglycemic drug use.