NFKB1 and neoplasm: Its heparin binding domain enables kallistatin to regulate several signaling pathways, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), Wnt/β-catenin, extracellular regulated protein kinases1/2 (ERK1/2), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), which involved in angiogenesis, oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and tumor growth, and thereby significantly impacting human disease pathogenesis (13).