Particularly, IL-1β and IL-18 in this context create a favorable environment for tumor growth and survival by increasing migration and invasion of tumor cells through the modulation of EMT, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) (Liu et al., 2022) and also, by inducing the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that could play a role in the development of the premetastatic niche (Shi et al., 2017; Chai et al., 2020). Here, IL1B is linked to neoplasm.