SERPING1 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Moloc colocalization confirmed robust SERPING1 associations (H3 + H4 + H5 > 0.7 for COPD and FEV1/FVC) (Fig. 1e, Supplementary Data 20), which were corroborated by Hyprcoloc analysis (posterior probability > 0.7; Supplementary Fig. 7, Supplementary Data 21).