Further integration of the UKB and ECOPD cohort resources with single-cell sequencing data from patients with COPD and murine models combined with multidimensional GWAS, in vitro cellular experiments, and in vivo animal studies revealed the functional role of SERPING1 in lung fibroblasts and its contribution to COPD progression. The gene discussed is SERPING1; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.