TGFB1 and cancer: In contrast to previous reports showing that VIM-AS1 regulates VIM expression in colorectal cancer cells [19], the basal level of VIM mRNA and protein (measured in the total cell population by immunoblot and in individual cells by IF) in two cancer cell models, was not affected by the reduction of VIM-AS1, whereas the inducibility of VIM by TGF-β was partially inhibited (Fig. 3G–I, and Supplementary Figs S11B and S12A), pointing again to TGF-β signaling as a key phenotypic target of VIM-AS1.