Across cross-sectional and case-control studies, corneal arcus clusters with an atherogenic risk-factor profile, most consistently older age and male sex, higher LDL-C/non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and (in several cohorts) smoking and hypertension, along with associations with systemic vascular comorbidity (e.g., peripheral artery disease and chronic kidney disease) and inflammatory markers such as CRP [11,13,21]. Here, CRP is linked to peripheral arterial disease.