Resistin, an adipokine elevated in obesity and known to promote insulin resistance, was not significantly associated with cancer risk, including colorectal cancer, in a large prospective study of Chinese men; however, leptin showed a strong association with increased colorectal cancer risk (adjusted hazard ratio 3.00 comparing the highest to lowest tertile), while prostate cancer associations were not specifically reported in this cohort [52]. This evidence concerns the gene LEP and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.