INS and Hypoglycemia: After 6 months: pulmonary infections decreased in both chronic group (3.75 ± 0.5 →1.75 ± 0.9, p < 0.01) and intermittent group (2.75 ± 0.50 →1.25 ± 0.5, p < 0.001); BMI and HbA1c stayed stable in groups; no hypoglycemic event reported.Authors suggested that basal insulin may reduce pulmonary infections in both diabetic and prediabetic PwCF without increasing hypoglycemia risk; however, the short study duration may have limited the ability to detect changes in BMI, FEV1, and HbA1c.