In addition, elevated TRMT112 expression was associated with reduced responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockade, specifically anti-PD-1 (P = 2.7e-04; Fig. 4A) and anti-CTLA-4 (P = 4.5e-03; Fig. 4B) therapies in patients with metastatic HNSCC. Here, CTLA4 is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.