NLGN3 and glioma: Pharmacological neuromodulation has been shown to reduce glioma growth in preclinical models with anti-epileptic drugs such as gabapentin (5) and perampanel (17, 18), which block synaptogenic factor TSP-1 and excitatory glutamate receptors (AMPA receptors), respectively, as well as using ADAM10 inhibitors to prevent the cleavage of synaptic adhesion molecule and oncogenic protein neuroligin-3 (25).