IL7 and neoplasm: In conclusion, IL-7 works by multiple independent mechanisms to directly address significant limitations of CAR-T, TIL, and endogenous T cell therapies by expanding and sustaining critical T cell populations, enhancing TCR diversity, promoting epitope spreading, reversing T cell exhaustion, enhancing lymphocyte tumor trafficking, increasing stem like CD4 and CD8 T cells, decreasing the risk of serious infectious, and potentially eliminating the need for toxic lymphodepletion in certain settings.