ANXA1 and inflammatory bowel disease: Complementary multi-omics and metabolomics studies in human IBD cohorts identify reproducible alterations in fecal and serum metabolite profiles that track disease activity and could mechanistically link microbial metabolites to host resolution pathways (1, 27, 28,).Mucosal expression analyses that include ANXA1 further show disease-stage–specific patterns, indicating that annexin expression can be measured alongside microbiome signatures in patient biopsies (24, 124).