In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), SNHG5 interacts with PTBP1, stabilizing ATG5 mRNA and inducing autophagy in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which in turn acquire a cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-like phenotype, ultimately enhancing chemoresistance [44]. The gene discussed is PTBP1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.