In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), hepatocellular carcinoma-effectively-associated tsRNA (HCETSR) derived from tRNA-Glu/TTC effectively suppresses malignant progression by regulating the SPTBN1/catenin axis, emerging as a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC [67]. Here, SPTBN1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.