INS and diabetes mellitus: Gene editing, particularly CRISPR-Cas9, holds the potential for the precise differentiation of stem cells into β cells.11–13 Furthermore, manipulating the lncRNA MIR503HG or ZnT8 in stem cell-derived pancreatic progenitors improved insulin synthesis and secretion.14,15 As the understanding of β-cell biology advances, a combination of stem cell therapy and gene editing presents promising prospects for diabetes treatment, although further evaluation is needed to determine long-term efficacy and safety.