We observed a significant increase in the levels of CD206, CD163, TGF-β, IL-10, and STAT3 mRNA in macrophages treated with PaCa patient-derived EVs as compared to the healthy donor EVs, as well as untreated macrophages (Fig. 4t), whereas CD80 (M1 marker) did not show any significant difference (Fig. 4t). This evidence concerns the gene CD163 and permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus-pancreatic and cerebellar agenesis syndrome.