Although patients aged ≥65 years, female patients, current smokers, those with N0 stage disease, or those with tumor PD-L1 expression levels of <1% or ≥1% appeared to derive relatively less benefit than penpulimab plus chemotherapy or penpulimab plus anlotinib, these subgroups were relatively small and had low event rates, resulting in wide and overlapping CIs. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.