CD40LG and Cowden syndrome 1: In ordinal logistic regression including controls, higher mean treponemal IgM levels were significantly associated with increasing CS risk category (OR 1.10 per 1 RLU, 95% CI 1.04–1.18; p=0.0025), corresponding to an OR of 1.64 per 5 RLU (95% CI 1.19–2.26).