VEGFA and ischemic stroke: Matsuo et al. (2013) found that higher plasma VEGF-A (median of 681.0 pg/mL) was associated with poor functional outcome at day 90 after cardioembolic stroke, but they found the opposite relationship with atherothrombotic stroke (mean of 619.0 pg/mL) with non-significant findings in lacunar infarction and other ischemic stroke subtypes.