For example, in a 5-year follow-up study conducted at Singapore General Hospital, Narasimhalu et al. concluded that while high serum IL-8 at 1–2 months post-ischemic stroke (median of 47 d) was associated with baseline cognitive impairment, high serum IL-12 was associated with subsequent cognitive decline after 5 years; neither IL-1β nor IL-6 were found to be significantly associated (Narasimhalu et al., 2015). The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is ischemic stroke.