For these reasons, we conducted this systematic review and meta‐analysis in order to clarify the respective importance and impact of the cellular mechanisms in the various rodent IH models, including effects on oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, eNOS expression, and function in arteries, and to explore, using subgroup analyses and metaregressions, the main factors involved in the heterogeneity of effects reported, including those related to the rodent models and IH cycle patterns that were used. This evidence concerns the gene NOS3 and isolated hemihyperplasia.