Another outcome assessed was the presence of disabling disease, defined by at least one of the following criteria: one or more abdominal surgeries or two hospital admissions during follow-up; dependence on or refractoriness to corticosteroids; need to switch from the first immunosuppressive or anti-TNF drug; and new clinical events after the initial episode (stenosis, perianal disease, or penetrating disease)33,3. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and stricture.