AF is prevalent in HFpEF and increases NT-proBNP independently, influenced by atrial stretch and remodeling. In patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), conventional NT-proBNP thresholds become less specific, necessitating the adoption of higher cut-off values or alternative diagnostic methods such as echocardiography or hemodynamics [1]. Here, NPPB is linked to atrial fibrillation.