The WB results also showed that the expression of autophagy-related proteins, apoptosis-related proteins, EndMT marker proteins, and nephrin protein in the kidney tissues of the mouse model was consistent with the cell experiments (Figure 6), suggesting that aucubin played a protective role in DKD mice by promoting ATG4B protein phosphorylation and regulating autophagy. Here, NPHS1 is linked to diabetic kidney disease.