CA9 is known to catalyze the conversion of carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and hydrogen ions to produce HCO3-, which attenuates intracellular acidification.36 CRC patient tissue analysis confirmed that CA9 expression progressively increased with increasing CRC stage and was positively correlated with dysadherin expression (Fig. 3c, Supplementary Fig. 4b–d). The gene discussed is CA9; the disease is colorectal carcinoma.