APOE and Alzheimer disease: In vivo studies using hippocampal interstitial fluid EVs from APP/PS1 mice further demonstrate that microglial‐derived EV proteins respond to Aβ pathology in a sex‐specific manner—males displaying a more robust microglial proteome and fewer amyloid plaques, while females show enrichment of APOE‐ and CLU‐related proteins associated with AD progression (Pait et al. 2024).