CTSS and alkaline phosphatase measurement: Inhibition of cathepsin S significantly alleviates symptoms in this model.261 In addition to cathepsin S, CTSB has also been implicated in promoting caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome, further exacerbating pancreatic inflammation.192 These findings suggest that lysosomal pathways may play a critical role in regulating acinar cell death during AP, a possibility that warrants further investigation.