Additionally, we identified 62 upregulated genes in nonresponder patients with NSCLC, with the top 10 most important being SPINK1, FEZF1, THBS4, BEST3, TESC, C6orf226, TSSK2, SFRP2, C1GALT1C1L, and RARRES1 (Figure 7). This evidence concerns the gene RARRES1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.