SMAD4 and Hepatic fibrosis: This finding not only provides an important theoretical basis for a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of parasitic liver fibrosis, but also proposes Smad4 SUMOylation as a new target for intervention with great potential for anti-fibrosis, and finds that GA as an effective inhibitor of the target can significantly inhibit the above pathogenic pathways and exert anti-fibrosis effects.