In advanced melanoma, ipilimumab 10 mg/kg improved median OS versus 3 mg/kg (15.7 vs. 11.5 months; HR 0.84, p = 0.04) and 5-year survival (25% vs. 19%), with benefits consistent across subgroups, including brain metastases and BRAF-mutant tumors. Here, BRAF is linked to melanoma.