GPX4 and cerebrovascular disorder: For instance, activating the NF-κB signaling pathway could promote SOD2 and GPX4 expression in GC tissue [92] (circle marked D in Fig. 4), however, another study demonstrated that NF-κB signaling pathway activation could reduce the expression of the crucial ferroptosis factors such as heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) and GPX4, which ultimately promoted oxidative stress and ferroptosis in cerebrovascular disease [93].