Mechanistic studies in HL-60-derived neutrophil-like cells and a 5/6 nephrectomized rat model were performed to assess the role of YB-1 in neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and VC.<h4>Results</h4>Serum YB-1 was significantly elevated in hyperlipidemia patients and was independently associated with new-onset VC (AUC 0.707, 95% CI 0.630-0.784). Here, YBX1 is linked to hyperlipidemia.