Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1), a regulator of lipid metabolism and inflammation, may provide additional mechanistic and clinical insight.<h4>Methods</h4>Serum YB-1 was measured in 209 MHD patients (30-month follow-up) who were stratified into hyperlipidemia and control groups. The gene discussed is YBX1; the disease is hyperlipidemia.