IL6 and breast carcinoma: For example, in lung cancer, CAFs secrete IL-6 via the circNOX4/miR-329-5p/FAP axis.321 In breast cancer, infiltrating TAMs secrete CCL18 to induce the production of IL-6 and IL-8 by breast fibroblasts through the NF-κB signaling pathway.322 A prior study indicated that CAFs can secrete GDF15, supporting the role of CAFs in regulating cachectic phenotypes.323