One of the key pathways involved in thepathophysiology of CVDs is the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS).Notably, angiotensin II (Ang II) is the primary factor contributing tohypertension and vascular and cardiac remodeling, which can lead to HF.Consequently, agents that suppress Ang II activity, such asangiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and Ang II receptor blockers, are widelyused to treat patients with CVDs. The gene discussed is AGT; the disease is hydrops fetalis.