Flow cytometric profiling revealed OE-AS1 group tumors harbored elevated PD-L1+F4/80+ TAMs (Figure 6E, Figure S6A) and reduced CD3+CD8+ T cell infiltration (Figure 6F, Figure S6B), a phenotype corroborated by multiplex IHC showing spatial exclusion of cytotoxic lymphocytes from tumor cores (Figure S6C). Here, CD8A is linked to neoplasm.