IFNG and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Results showed that macrophages treated by irradiated ESCC cells exhibited potent suppression of T cell proliferation (CFSE dilution: 23.4% vs 42.1%, p < 0.01) (Figure 1E) and effector function (IFN-γ: 3323±801 vs 4725±362 pg/ml; Granzyme B: 1771±209 vs 3145±215 pg/ml, p < 0.05) compared with sham treatment (Figure 1F, 1G), establishing a direct causal link between radiation-primed TAMs and T cell dysfunction.