For Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples living with diabetes, who frequently experience higher rates of obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular risks such as GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g., semaglutide) may offer additional benefit through weight reduction and cardiovascular risk mitigation; however, uptake can be constrained by cost, cold-chain requirements, and injectable administration in remote communities [66]. Here, GLP1R is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.