Pathways involving hypercytokinemia/hyperchemokinea in viral infection (CXCL10, IFIT3, IRF7, ISG15, MX1, OAS2), pathogen-induced cytokine storm signaling (CCL7, CCL8, CD163, DHX58, TLR1, TLR3, CXCL10, CXCL11, IL21R), and interferon signaling (IFI6, IFIT1, IFIT3, ISG15, MX1, OAS1, STAT1, STAT2, TAP1) (Figure 1E) were all downregulated in SIV+/ART animals compared to SIV+ animals. This evidence concerns the gene IL21R and viral infectious disease.