IL9 and COVID-19: Increased levels of interleukins (IL-1 α, IL-7, IL-17, and IL-18) and chemokines (CCL11, and CXCL1) were found only in the COVID-19-only, whilst PLWH/COVID-19, had increased levels of four different interleukins (IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, and IL-15) and one chemokine (CXCL10) compared to COVID-19-only.