IL1RAP and diabetic kidney disease: In DKD, however, these interactions were largely replaced by CD14+ monocyte-driven signaling toward mesangial cells (Mes) and the ascending thin limb of Henle (Ascending_Thin_LOH), highlighting a disease-associated rewiring of IL-1β → IL1R1/IL1RAP communication that is consistent with enhanced NF-κB activation in glomerular and tubular compartments.