SALL4 and seminoma: One of the earliest comparative clinical descriptions encapsulates the core advantage of EBUS-TMC in architecture-dependent diagnoses: in primary mediastinal seminoma, TBNA yielded crushed, non-diagnostic cells, whereas EBUS-TMC produced intact cores enabling definitive histology and IHC (e.g., SALL4, PLAP, D2-40, CD117), with only minor, self-limited bleeding and procedure time comparable to TBNA [10].