TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: To address this gap, we conducted a longitudinal evaluation of serum calprotectin, CRP, DAS28 and CDAI, in patients with RA initiating treatment with adalimumab (anti-TNF-α fully human monoclonal antibody), upadacitinib (JAK inhibitor), or tocilizumab (anti-IL-6 humanized monoclonal antibody), aiming to assess their ability to discriminate clinical remission.