APOE and Alzheimer disease: For instance, intervention studies in individuals at high risk for AD or with mild AD (e.g., the ADvance trial) suggest that high-dose DHA supplementation (typically ≥2 g/day), particularly during early disease stages or in specific genetic backgrounds (e.g., APOE ε4 non-carriers), may induce favorable changes in cerebrospinal fluid Aβ42 levels and p-tau protein, or attenuate the decline rate in specific cognitive domains (e.g., memory).