TLR4 and cancer: The anti-carcinogenic effects of EGCG are exerted via several mechanisms of action: it induces cancer cell apoptosis, inhibits glycolysis, and suppresses signaling pathways involved in oncogenesis, such as nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB pathway), a regulator of inflammatory cytokines, as well as MAPK activation, and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4 expression) induced by inflammatory stimuli [15,16].