ARID3A and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Findings by Mishra et al. show that disrupted ethanolamine metabolism by the gut microbiota in obesity and diabetes leads to ethanolamine buildup, boosting ARID3a-driven miR-101a-3p expression, destabilizing zona occludens-1 (Zo1) mRNA, and weakening intestinal barrier function—boosting permeability, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation—yet correction of ethanolamine-metabolizing capacity with a new probiotic therapy fixes the ARID3a/miR-101a/Zo1 pathway and restores these adverse outcomes [8].