DDIT3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: However, APE, silymarin, and luteolin treatments resulted in significant reduction in Ddit3 mRNA expression (1.19 ± 0.23 for APE 100, 0.90 ± 0.22 for silymarin, 1.42 ± 0.04 for luteolin; p < 0.001) compared to the NASH group (Figure 13f–h).