NDUFS2 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Using an integrated approach encompassing molecular biology, cell biology, computational biology, and multi-omics analysis, we demonstrated that WX006 effectively depletes Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in HCC cells by binding to NADH: Ubiquinone Oxidoreductase Core Subunit S2 (NDUFS2), thereby disrupting mitochondrial function and intracellular metal ion homeostasis.