In this regard, nanomedicine strategies in ovarian cancer increasingly pair quantitative imaging modalities (PET/SPECT/MRI) with therapeutic payloads to map nanoparticle deposition, adjust dosing, and combine passive EPR with molecular ligands, such as folate or CD44, or stimuli-responsive release mechanisms [47], and in doing so, overall theranostic performance is significantly improved. The gene discussed is CD44; the disease is ovarian cancer.