SOD1 and hydrops fetalis: In a high-fat diet-induced rat model, purified HF (25–50 mg/kg) significantly attenuated oxidative stress by activating the EGFR/PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling axis, enhancing nitric oxide bioavailability and upregulating SOD1 and catalase expression, collectively reducing hepatic ROS and lipid peroxidation [99].