In the therapeutic model, ICC@G-PL prolonged survival (3/7 mice survived) and reduced tumour burden, accompanied by reprogramming of the tumour microenvironment: increased intratumoral CD8+/CD4+ T cell ratio, M1-type macrophage polarisation (3.8-fold higher than control), and neutrophil infiltration. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.