TGFB1 and Hypertension: To sum up, SFRP5-MAPK14 and SFRP5-Wnt/β-catenin pathways, FKBP5/NF-κB axis, TGF-β1–NOX4 axis, S6K1-Arg2 axis NPRA/PKG/AMPK have been demonstrated to affect the progress of hypertension associated vascular ageing.