Based on the HIMALAYA phase III trial, a single dose of anti-CTLA-4 (tremelimumab) and regular interval administration of anti-PD-L1 (durvalumab) has been approved by the EMA and FDA in first-line HCC, and more recently, dual checkpoint inhibition with nivolumab and ipilimumab also successfully entered frontline therapy.7 Here, CTLA4 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.